What method does behavior modification primarily utilize to influence actions?

Behavior modification primarily utilizes rewards and punishments to influence actions because it is based on principles of operant conditioning. This psychological framework posits that behaviors can be increased or decreased through reinforcement (rewards) or consequences (punishments). When a desired behavior is followed by a positive reinforcement, such as a reward, it is more likely to be repeated. Conversely, when an undesired behavior is followed by punishment, it is less likely to recur. This approach is widely used in various settings, including educational environments, therapy, and even professional organizations, to shape the behavior of individuals in a systematic and predictable manner.

While compensation and benefits, training and workshops, and counseling and support can certainly impact behavior, they do not fundamentally serve as the core method of behavior modification. These other methods may foster an environment conducive to positive behaviors but do not directly implement the principles of operant conditioning that underpin behavior modification. Therefore, the focus on rewards and punishments aligns precisely with the mechanics of behavior change, making it the correct answer.