What alternative does "Theory Y" propose regarding employee motivation?

Theory Y, proposed by Douglas McGregor, introduces a positive perspective on employee motivation and management. This theory suggests that workers are inherently motivated to perform well in their roles and can take initiative and responsibility for their tasks. According to Theory Y, individuals find satisfaction in their work, and when they are trusted and given autonomy, they will direct themselves towards achieving success and organizational goals.

This contrasts sharply with the perspectives described in the other options, which lean towards more negative or controlling views of employee engagement. The idea that workers can self-direct reflects a belief in the potential and creative capabilities of employees, encouraging a work environment where collaboration, problem-solving, and innovation thrive. Hence, embracing this philosophy fosters a culture of empowerment and can lead to higher productivity and job satisfaction.